Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder, remains enigmatic in terms of its underlying cause. In the realm of traditional herbal remedies, Banhasasim-tang (BHSST), a mixture primarily used for gastrointestinal disorders, may exhibit a potential efficacy in the treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. IBS presents with abdominal pain as its main clinical feature, resulting in a significant impact on the patient's quality of life.
Investigating the effectiveness and mechanisms of BHSST in treating IBS was the focus of our conducted study.
We studied BHSST's effectiveness within the context of a zymosan-induced diarrhea-predominant animal model of irritable bowel syndrome. Modulation of transient receptor potential (TRP) and voltage-gated sodium channels was verified using electrophysiological assessment methods.
Mechanisms of action include NaV ion channels.
By administering BHSST orally, there was a decrease observed in colon length, an elevation in stool scores, and an increase in colon weight. Weight loss was kept to a negligible level, maintaining consistent food consumption. Mice receiving BHSST exhibited a suppression of mucosal thickness, akin to that of normal mice, and a pronounced reduction in the degree of tumor necrosis factor-. The manifestation of these effects paralleled those produced by the anti-inflammatory drug sulfasalazine, coupled with the antidepressant amitriptyline. Moreover, there was a substantial decrease in pain-related behaviors. The action of BHSST was observed to inhibit TRPA1, NaV15, and NaV17 ion channels, a finding relevant to its potential role in mitigating visceral hypersensitivity symptoms of IBS.
In essence, the observed results indicate that BHSST may offer positive impacts on IBS and diarrhea, owing to its influence on ion channel function.
Overall, the research suggests potential benefits of BHSST in treating IBS and diarrhea, contingent upon its modulation of ion channel activity.
Anxiety is a very common concern that frequently manifests itself as a psychiatric problem. It has a considerable effect on a significant number of people within the global community. Selleckchem PF-00835231 The acacia genus stands out due to the considerable presence of both phenolic and flavonoid components. Literature exhibited a spectrum of biological activities, proving its use in managing chest pain, asthma, bronchitis, wounds, mouth ulcers, colic, vitiligo, sore throats, inflammation, and diarrhea, and further serving as a general tonic.
This current study was undertaken to explore the potential anti-anxiety effects demonstrable by two representatives of Acacia catechu Willd. Along with Acacia arabica Willd., closely related plant species are found. Descended from the Fabaceae botanical family.
The stems of the plants were employed for this task. Successive extractions of the plants were performed using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol, and water as solvents, employing a complete and exhaustive procedure. The anti-anxiety activity of all successive extracts from both plants was assessed using Swiss albino mice treated with various dose levels (100, 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg body weight, administered orally) after pharmacognostic and phytochemical examinations. Two active extracts from each plant were further examined for their anxiolytic potential, by means of the open-field test and the mirror chamber test. Each plant's most potent extract, as determined by the maximal response, was then further examined in the mCPP-induced anxiety test.
A. catechu stem ethanol extract displayed anti-anxiety activity comparable to the standard diazepam (25 mg/kg) at 400 mg/kg. A noteworthy increase in SOD, catalase, and LPO levels was observed after the 400mg/kg dose of A. catechu ethanolic extract was administered.
In summary, the ethanolic extract derived from A. catechu lessened anxiety in mice, with the effect escalating proportionally to the dosage.
In essence, A. catechu's ethanolic extract reduced anxiety symptoms in mice, with the effect being dose-dependent.
The medicinal herb Artemisia sieberi Besser, traditionally used throughout the Middle East, has been employed for treating cancer. Pharmacological examinations of the plant's extracts demonstrated cytotoxic action against specific cancer cells; nevertheless, no studies explored the anticancer properties of Artemisia sieberi essential oil (ASEO).
Evaluating ASEO's anticancer potential requires elucidating its mode of action, a pioneering investigation, and characterizing its chemical composition.
In Hail, Saudi Arabia, Artemisia sieberi was collected, and its essential oil was subsequently acquired via hydrodistillation. To assess the oil's activity on HCT116, HepG2, A549, and MCF-7 cells, the SRB assay was employed. A separate migration assay evaluated its anti-metastatic properties. Cell-cycle analysis and apoptosis assays were performed using flow cytometry, and Western blotting was utilized for the investigation of protein expression. The oil's chemical composition was elucidated by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS).
MCF-7 cells displayed the utmost vulnerability to ASEO's cytotoxic activity, evidenced by an IC value.
A density measurement of 387 grams per milliliter was obtained. More in-depth analysis indicated that the oil obstructed MCF-7 cell migration, brought about a pause in the S-phase, and instigated apoptosis. Selleckchem PF-00835231 Caspase-3 expression levels remained consistent after treatment, as assessed by Western blot analysis, suggesting the occurrence of a caspase-independent apoptotic-like cell death event in the MCF-7 cell line. Selleckchem PF-00835231 Exposure of MCF-7 cells to the oil caused a decrease in the expression levels of total ERK protein and its downstream target, LC3, implying that ERK signaling pathway activation during cancer cell proliferation might be hindered. A GCMS analysis of the oil ultimately revealed its key components to be cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (4856%), davanone (1028%), 18-cineole (681%), and caryophyllene diepoxide (534%). This suggests that these compounds may contribute to the oil's biological activity.
ASEO demonstrated anticancer activity in vitro, while also modifying the ERK signaling pathway. This study's meticulous exploration of ASEO's anticancer properties, a first of its kind, underscores the critical importance of investigating medicinal plant-derived essential oils historically used for cancer treatment. The groundwork established by this work may facilitate in-vivo studies that could produce a naturally effective anticancer treatment from the oil.
ASEO's anticancer properties were observed in vitro, along with its modulation of the ERK signaling pathway. A pioneering exploration of ASEO's anticancer properties demonstrates the significance of investigating traditional cancer treatments using medicinal plant essential oils. This project could pave the path for future in-vivo investigations, eventually leading to the development of the oil as a naturally effective anticancer therapy.
Traditional remedies for stomach pain and gastric issues frequently include wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.). Yet, its ability to protect the stomach's lining from damage has not been examined through controlled laboratory testing.
A rat experiment investigated the gastroprotective impact of aqueous extracts of A. absinthium aerial parts, derived from hot and ambient maceration processes.
Using a model of ethanol-induced acute gastric ulcers in rats, the gastroprotective potential of hot and room temperature aqueous extracts from A. absinthium aerial parts was evaluated. Measurements of gastric lesion area and histological and biochemical analyses were carried out using the collected stomachs. To ascertain the chemical profile of the extracts, UHPLC-HRMS/MS analysis was employed.
Tuberonic acid glycoside (1), rupicolin (2), 2-hydroxyeupatolide (3), yangabin (4), sesartemin (5), artemetin (6), isoalantodiene (7), and dehydroartemorin (8) were the eight major peaks identified in the UHPLC chromatograms of both HAE and RTAE extracts. RTAE samples exhibited a pronounced increase in the diversity of sesquiterpene lactones. Exposure to RTAE at concentrations of 3%, 10%, and 30% resulted in a gastroprotective effect, reducing the area of gastric lesions by 6468%, 5371%, and 9004%, respectively, in contrast to the vehicle-treated group. Unlike the VEH group, the groups treated with HAE at 3%, 10%, and 30% concentrations presented lesion areas higher than the VEH group. Exposure to ethanol elicited changes in the gastric mucosa's submucosa, including an inflammatory response with edema, cellular infiltration, and a reduction in mucin, changes that were completely reversed by RTAE treatment. The injured gastric tissue's reduced glutathione levels were unchanged by either HAE or RTAE, while RTAE (30%) showed a decrease in lipid hydroperoxide formation. NEM, a chelator of non-protein thiols, or L-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, both administered beforehand, resulted in the RTAE's inability to protect the gastric mucosal lining.
This study confirms the traditional medicinal application of this species for gastric ailments, highlighting the protective effect on the stomach of an ambient-temperature aqueous extract from the aerial parts of A. absinthium. The infusion's mode of action might stem from its capacity to uphold the integrity of the gastric mucosal barrier.
This investigation affirms the traditional medicinal applications of this species for gastric ailments, highlighting the protective impact of a room-temperature aqueous extract from the aerial parts of A. absinthium on the stomach. Its mode of action might include the infusion's capability to ensure the gastric mucosal barrier remains whole.
In traditional Chinese medicine, Polyrhachis vicina Roger (P. vicina) is an animal used in the treatment of diverse ailments, encompassing rheumatoid arthritis, hepatitis, cancer, and additional conditions. Pharmacological investigations in the past, guided by its anti-inflammatory nature, have indicated its effectiveness in treating cancer, depression, and hyperuricemia. Yet, the key functional parts and their corresponding objectives within cancer cells related to P. vicina are still unknown.